Sickness and Health - Universal Precautions

Why were "universal precautions" developed? To reduce the spread of infection through blood- borne germs to health care providers and other patients.

What is the first step? Thorough hand washing with soap and running water.

What is the best disinfectant? One of the most effective disinfectants is a solution of hypochlorite and water - in other words, bleach solution.

Are gloves required? While gloves are not required for all procedures (i.e., may not be required for diapering), they are certainly recommended. However, you should still wash your hands before and after putting on gloves.

Safety - Biting in the Childcare Setting

Is biting normal? Many infants and toddlers bite objects, or even people, as they put their mouths on toys or people. They use their mouth to explore. However, most children do not continue after the age of three years.

Why do preschoolers bite? Biting may occur when the child is frustrated or angry. Changes in the childcare or home environment may trigger biting behavior.

How should I prevent biting? Watch to see when it occurs and determine the cause. If there is a pattern, you may be able to remove the cause, such as teaching all children to take turns and share.

What should I do if a child does bite? Step in immediately and let the child (biter) know that this is not okay. Be gentle but firm. Administer first aid to the child who was bitten (ice pack, wash the area, and encourage the biter to help take care of the child. Inform other staff members and inform both parents.

Nutrition - Supporting Breastfeeding Mothers

What can the mother do to promote breastfeeding? Start breastfeeding immediately after birth and ask hospital personnel for assistance and information. Become familiar with pumping options as early as possible and express and freeze extra milk.

What can the childcare provider do to help? Find out mothers' breastfeeding goals and help find ways to meet these goals. Know and practice proper breast milk storage and serving methods. Encourage fathers to feel good about their role in breastfeeding.

Medicine Chest - Coping with Grief and Fear

Are children affected by events such as September 11, 2001? Yes. They feel the effects because they notice changes in the adults around them, and may notice changes in daily routines. However, they may react differently than adults, and may blame themselves for the changes.

What are some signs to watch for? Changes in eating or sleeping habits, fear of separation, more frequent crying, rebellious or aggressive behavior, nightmares, etc.

How can I help children cope? Allow children to talk about their feelings or their fears. However, do not continue to dwell on the topic. Try to maintain normal routines for children.

Staff Health - Balancing Daily Life

What is the key to a balanced life? Try to do something to meet your various needs each day -- physical, mental/emotional, social, and spiritual

What are ways to meet physical needs? If possible, get at least 30 minutes of physical activity each day. Eat nutritious foods, and get 7-8 hours of sleep each night

What are ways to meet mental/emotional needs? Know and keep your priorities in line with values. Learn to say "no." Breathe and relax when stressed. Talk to friends and relatives and articulate your feelings.